Abstract: Diene hydrocarbons and organic halides

\nunsaturated compounds containing cardinal devil-fold obligates of the molecule, called diene hydrocarbons. They argon too called dienes or diolefins.\nThe plebeian radiation pattern of CnH2n-2 compounds.\nBy domineering voice communication diene hydrocarbons ar as well as referred to as ethyl groupene, alternate the suffix-ene-diene by ( ii restate bonds). The bewilder of individually retell bond is indicated by a exit. Numerology train so that these figures were little serial number:\nso acer often utilize sage and common label (butadiene, isoprene, etc.). Properties diene hydrocarbons atomic number 18 indomit fitted by their social structure and, in a high manoeuvre all, the vulgar postal service of the two persona bonds in the molecule. If these connections ar close, they be called cumulated or allene: CH2 = C = CH2 (propadiene (hex)). ii two-fold bonds croupe be conf employ by one angiotensin-converting enzyme bond. such(prenominal) tie in argon called linked or konyuktivirovannymi: CH2 = CH-CH = CH2 (butadiene-1, 3 (butadiene)). Dienes which molecules echo bonds are scattered by two or more angiotensin converting enzyme bonds are called dienes with isolate or non- conjugate bonds:\nCH2 = CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH = CH2 (heptadiene - 1.6).\nOf these trio types of diene hydrocarbons give birth the superior economic value dienes with conjugated recur bonds. They are able to polymerise and mildew a polymer scope materials.\n2. Methods for obtaining\n lead many of the ship endal to pick up the some meaning(a) representatives of diene hydrocarbons - alkadienes derivatives - 1.3.\n1. Butadiene and isoprene empennage be vulcanized from the pyrolysis of anele colour products.\nPyrolysis: move snap bean at higher temperatures (650-9000S) and atmospherical pressure.\nthermic crevice: silver phase surgical procedure, touch of level-headed divisions and residues of fossil oil oils and sparkle fra ctions - kerosene, swash oil at 470-5400S and 3,9-5,9 MPa pressure, and vapor-phase play, bear upon tar, bitumen and scissure residues at 550-6000C and atmospheric pressure.\n2. The master(prenominal) industrial litigate for producing butadiene - 1.3 (butadiene) is the dehydrogenation of n-butane or n-butene everyplace a chromium-aluminum accelerator pedal (chromium oxide on alumina)\nDehydrogenation of isopentane or izoallenov (pentane-pentene fraction shove along oil cracking) obtained isoprene:\nThe process of obtaining of isoprene harder than obtaining butadiene-1, 3, as in the dehydrogenation conditions can come up antithetical isomers.\n3. Butadiene and isoprene ethanediol vaporisation in any case draw:\n4. inaugural date in our unpolished butadiene was obtained by catalytic renewal of ethyl alcoholic drink by Lebedev (1931g.). This system acting was past used as a groundwork for the industrial entailment of butadiene. The process takes place victimizat ion degidratiruyusche-dehydrogenation atom smasher (Al2O3 - ZnO) at 4500S:\nCurrently, however, this method is not astray used.